D. Brain swelling
Increased intracranial pressure and herniation can be a lethal complication in head trauma. The two major factors which contribute to brain swelling are edema and increased cerebral blood volume.
E. Delayed sequelae/complications of CNS trauma
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Post-traumatic epilepsy, due to seizure activity initiated at sites of meningocerebral cicatrix (scar tissue)
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Hydrocephalus - obstruction of CSF resorption after subarachnoid hemorrhage
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Delayed intracerebral hemorrhage - may occur days or months later (probably due to partial tearing of vessels during trauma with subsequent rupture)
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Psychological deficits (post-traumatic syndrome) -symptoms include headache, dizziness, anxiety, poor concentration; morphological substrate unknown
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White matter degeneration (pathogenesis not clear, may be related to stretching or shearing of axons during trauma)
